XHTML vs HTML

Difference between XHTML vs HTML

In Web Technology html we all use as the front end technology it stands for hypertext markup language it contains predefined tags, elements, and attributes with the behavior of the elements. It also combines with the presentation technology called css it will be coordinated with the html and it gives more presentable and attractive web pages. XHTML is denoted as the EXtensibe HyperText Markup Language is also one of the markup languages and almost its identically paired with the html when compared to the html it will be more difficult in the web pages because XHTML is mainly defined as xml is also paired with the html codes. In this topic, we are going to learn about XHTML vs HTML.

Head to Head Comparison Between XHTML vs HTML (Infographics)

Below are the top differences between XHTML and HTML:

Key Differences Between XHTML and HTML

Below are mentioned the key differences:

Every web-based technologies have some similar difference the one from another. Here are also some key differences among this two markup languages.Html has generally followed some set of rules to declare the tags and elements in that rules will be accommodated with the predefined root elements behavior and its functions. But in XHTML it has some set of strict rules and regulations for assigning and declaring the tags in the html.

Html and xhtml both are web-based technologies it can be used for writing the codes on the web pages. But html is fully based on the SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) based language and also it follows itself in the DTD (document type definition)model it is fully based on the document structure rather than the characteristic features. In xhtml is xml based feature in the html it is confirmed with the html and as well as xml standards. When compared to the html the codes will be more complicated and it has assigned some strict rules to develop the web pages.

When we use xhtml it is developed with some convoluted as reduced browser-specific tags but in html codes, it may vary depending upon the user browsers the tags and elements also increased when compared to xhtml. We already know that xml is a markup language and we all used it from web page requests and responses from the servers. It has some patterns with well-formed documents. We can use xml to describe the web data whatever we have written in the web document but html we used to display the data in the web browsers whatever we designed and documented in the web document.

Xhtml web pages are used to read all xml supported devices and are also included with the xml language-supported browsers. The xhtml elements will be used properly nested with the other supported elements. It has the same basic rule as opening and closing tag system xhtml tag elements always used in the lower case letters and also it must have one root element. The Attribute names must be in lower case letters and their values should be quoted and xhtml supports the dtd type documents for mandatory elements.

Comparison Table of XHTML vs HTML

Now let’s draft the comparison in the table below:

Html supports dtd and it specifies the syntax for the SGML and it supports the applications for SGML type.	Xhtml it specifies and supports for the SGML dtd model and also it mainly supports the xml type of applications
In html we won’t necessary to empty i.e)open and close tags eg <br>etc	Here whatever we use the tags we must close those tags eg)<br/>
Here there are no strict rules for the elements and tags	Here we should follow the strict rules
The Attributes in html will use double quotes is not mandatory.	The Attributes in Xhtml that will use double quotes is mandatory
It is case insensitive we will use the tags and element attributes either upper or lower case letters	It is case sensitive we will use the tags and element attributes in lower case letters only.
The specified attribute values are not necessary	The attribute values are necessary for entering
We will use all the tags and attributes inside of the body section area.	We will use all the tags and attributes in the inside of the blocks i.e)<p>, underbody section  also
Root Elements are not necessary for the html tags.	Root Elements are necessary for the xhtml documents
Html5 version will use the event handlers for some set of javascript functions to handle the web pages for user requirements.	Xhtml elements use frameset tags and body tags used to trigger the javascript functions in the web documents.

Examples

We will see some set of examples to understand the differences and usages of both languages on web pages.

Html

Code:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Sample</title>
</head>
<body>
<b><i>Welcome To My Domaina</b></i>
</body>
</html>

Xhtml

Code:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Sample</title>
</head>
<body>
<b><i>Welcome To My Domain</i></b>
</body>
</html>

Output:

we will use the <b><i> tags are not properly nested in the first example but second example in xhtml properly nested i.e)first close the </i> and then </b> tags is the proper order in the xhtml.

Html

Code:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Sample</title>
</head>
<body>
Click User<input type="checkbox" name="welcome" value="goodday" id="check" onclick="sample()" checked />
<p id="second" style="display:none">Welcome to My Domain</p>
<script>
function sample()
{
var i=document.getElementById("check");
var j=document.getElementById("second");
if(i.checked==true)
{
j.style.display="block";
}
else
{
j.style.display="none";
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

Xhtml

Code:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Sample</title>
</head>
<body>
Click User<input type="checkbox" name="welcome" value="goodday" id="check" onclick="sample()" checked="checked" />
<p id="second" style="display:none">Welcome to My Domain</p>
<script>
function sample()
{
var i=document.getElementById("check");
var j=document.getElementById("second");
if(i.checked==true)
{
j.style.display="block";
}
else
{
j.style.display="none";
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

Output:

The above two codes are the same but we declared checked attribute value in the xhtml codes but in html is not mandatory.

Conclusion

In both the markup languages we will use the same tag attributes and elements when we use xhtml is better than the html4 version because html4 is incorporated with some features of the xml languages but html5 is better than the both html4 and xhtml.

Recommended Articles

This is a guide to XHTML vs HTML. Here we discuss the XHTML vs HTML key differences with infographics and comparison table. You may also have a look at the following articles to learn more –

1. XHTML vs HTML5
2. HTML vs XML
3. HTML vs JavaScript
4. HTML vs HTML5