Introduction to Django
A Python framework that is the high level used in the rapid development of the design of web pages that follows model template view architecture to help in the development of complex, data-driven websites is called Django. The web development process is made simple, and the developers can find the number of documents in the process of website creation using Django. It is free and open-source, and very fast in developing web pages. Developers find it easy to stroll with the web page creation as this framework helps in the easy creation of pages with data arranged properly and repositories managed with high relevance.
Why should we use Django Framework?
It is fast and simple where you can do rapid development in less time. It has great documentation and follows the principle of DRY (Do not Repeat Yourself) while others don’t care much about it. It ORM (Object Relational Mapping) support. A database can be updated through the command-line interface using the following command.
Code:
`python manage.py migrate`And migrations can be generated using:
Code:
`python manage.py makemigrations`Django’s MVT Pattern
It used MVT (Model-View-Template) rather than using the old methodology of MVC (Model-View-Controller). MVC pattern is used while creating an application with User Interaction. This Template consists of HTML code with Django Template Language (DTL). A controller is a code written to control the interaction between the Model and View, and Django easily takes care of it.
It takes care of user requests using Model, View, and Template in a way that whenever a user sends a request, It acts as a Controller to check if it is available by mapping the URL and if the URL maps, then it Views starts interacting with the Model and sends the Template back to the user in the form of response.
Django Installation and Setup
Installing Django is very easy compared to other frameworks, but it differs from Operating systems. The latest version we can download from their official site https://www.djangoproject.com/download/.
- It can be installed in Linux or Mac OS using the package manager or using pip install.
- For windows, if Python is already installed on your computer, then it should be checked if Python Path is set for system variable. Then extract it and install it.
It also supports many database engines and can be set as per your requirement. It provides you with a built-in lightweight server for developing and testing your application.
Creating your Django Application
A Django project creates a collection of settings, including database configuration, and specific options and also application-specific settings default in the project.
Steps to create an application:
Create a directory where you want to store your project and cd into that directory and run the following command.
Code:
$ django-admin startproject my_appIf you look at your directory, the following structure will be created.
mysite/
manage.py
mysite/
__init__.py
settings.py
urls.py
wsgi.py
- manage.py: Let’s you interact with this Django project in different ways.
- __init__.py: Tells the python interpreter that the directory should be considered as a python package. This file is mostly empty.
- settings.py: It is the configuration file.
- urls.py: Include all URL declarations for the Django project and table of contents of Django powered site.
- wsgi.py: It is the entry point for WSGI-compatible web servers to serve your projects and deploy with WSGI.
If you want to check that your project is running, you can check it using the following command:
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Code:
$ python manage.py runserverHow does Django make your Work Easy?
This follows a pythonic way that is “Simple is better than complex”. One of the python packages that is stored inside the site-packages directory of your Python Installation with other important Python packages like Numpy, Scipy, Pillow, etc.
A simple way to verify it to installed and if you are able to import it into your project:
Code:
>>> import django
>>> print(django.get_version())
It provides you with everything that is necessary to develop a full-fledged application. It offers with built-in templating using HTML, URL routing, ORM (Object Relational Mapping), session management etc.
It also offers a number of useful tools for SEO. Using the SEO framework, the developers can reduce page loading time using cached templates and CSS, JavaScript compression. There is also a tool to manage robots.txt.Django CMS capabilities very much exceed the expectations of professional SEO specialists.
Top Companies which use Django Framework
Below are the top companies:
1. Instagram
Instagram is a python based photo and video sharing social networking app that processes huge amounts of data and manages an even greater number of interactions between multiple users every second. This Framework helps Instagram to handle all this work by keeping it simple and not reinventing the work.
2. Spotify
Spotify has taken the music industry to the next level by changing the way people listen to music and making it accessible to anyone on any device. Spotify uses Python for both backend services and machine learning combined with the Django Framework.
3. YouTube
YouTube is one of the popular content-sharing platforms. YouTube was a PHP-based project, but to improve its performance, YouTube moved to Django, which helps them to act and flawlessly.
4. Dropbox
Dropbox is one of the renowned cloud storage services for documents, videos, and pictures. It is based on python for both desktop and server-client software. Dropbox uses Django Framework to enable storage, synchronization and providing options for sharing various types of files.
5. Mozilla
Mozilla is the most popular and recognizable browser in the entire world, which has millions of users worldwide. Their old components are not written in python, but the new components are implemented using Django.
For e.g. support sites and add-ons are built using it. They have shifted from PHP (CakePHP) to Python (Django Framework), which helped them deal with tens, hundreds, and millions of views per month and more API hits per day.
6. Disqus
This is the largest project implemented using Django. Disqus developers have built the app from scratch using Django to scale it to handle millions of users per day. They have also used Django in one of their projects called Sentry, an error reporting tool that is also famous with developers these days.
What can you do with Django?
You can create web applications using Django that basically requires a connection to the database, CRUD (create, read, update and delete) operations, security, user management, and creating RestAPI using Django Restful API.
Django is not PHP
It uses Python programming language as it makes things easier for you. It’s a complete framework that uses templating language. This has been crowd-tested, with many big companies have implemented their enterprise application as well as mobile applications using Django. It has excellent documentation. Docs are first-class citizens in Django world. It has over 3,000 packages available for users, and it is one of the first frameworks to respond to new vulnerability.
Why do we Need Django?
It is built to help rapid development with clean and practical design. This makes it a first choice when you are building highly customizable apps. Without reinventing the wheel, And it covers the basics by letting developers focus on the important parts that need to experiment with, such as the ability to share different types of media.
And it has a solid user authentication model with the ability to configure users; this makes it the very first choice when security is a top priority. It uses a series of Python components that are separate entities that are not dependent on each other.
When Not to use Django?
It is not the best framework to use in every instance of time. While it has a brilliant foundation for implementing large projects, but it often overkills for smaller projects. It should not be used for building a small site, usually the one without the database. Flask framework is mostly used for these kinds of small projects.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Django Framework
Below are the advantages and disadvantages mentioned:
Advantages:
- It is a Python Language: As mentioned, Django is written in Python. Python language is simple to learn and easy to implement. Python manages more in fewer lines with large libraries.
- Django and Python: Django and Python are core solutions for Fintech Companies in Silicon Valley, IT giants, Blue chip companies, and the Internet of things.
- Administrative Interface: The administration interface provided by Django is simple to create and one of the key advantages of using a framework. It gives you a fully-featured admin interface.
For e.g:
class Interface(models.Model):
interface_title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
some_other_text = models.CharField(max_length=100)
some_boolean_value = models.BooleanField()
admin.site.register(Interface)- Extensive Support Libraries: It provides libraries that include string operations, web services, operating system interfaces, and standard protocol.
- Scalable: To handle the heaviest traffic, it is used to meet busiest site traffic demands. It allows you to take different actions regarding scalability, such as running separate servers for the database and even use clustering or load-balancing to distribute the application on multiple servers.
Disadvantages:
- Specifying URLs with regular expressions is not an easy task to accomplish for beginners. Template error fails silently, where you might waste a lot of time trying to figure out the problem.
- It gives a monolithic feeling as it is a strongly opinionated framework.
- It does not have the capacity to manage different requests at the same time because it does not empower individual procedures to deal with multiple requests at the same time. Developers struggle as they need to investigate different approaches to make a single procedure control various requests at the same time.
- ORM (Object Relation Mapping) system allows developers to work on different databases at the same time, but it lacks some features which are essentially provided by other ORM systems. It is designed in a way that doesn’t let programmers use SQLAlchemy completely, which is python’s famous toolkit.
Prerequisites to Learn Django
- The basic syntax of Python mostly understanding the indentation part of python if you have worked on other languages.
- Python function, like how to pass an argument in Python function or set a default value.
- While developing a web application, you might require to import different modules, so you need to understand the importing of external packages in your code.
- There is an important entity called Regular Expression (regex), which is mostly used while URL mapping. It is also used to validate the strings.
For e.g., If you are asking the users to enter their email-id or password, you need to validate the entered string. - Knowledge of RestAPI and JSON is also important, which is used as a data structure to store and transfer the data between different network entities.
How will this Technology help you in Career Growth?
- It is a perfect framework for a beginner to work and explore opportunities in his/her current organization. Python-Django certification is one of the most sought-after skills in today’s programming domain.
- The large organization uses Django to develop their project; this will give programmers and web developers to work for the best clients in the world.
- And this is one of the most popular frameworks in the world, which means that a developer who has experience in Django can earn a good package with good onsite opportunities while working with great clients all over the world.
Conclusion
This framework does bring some trouble, but at the same time, it also allows you to solve a huge number of tasks very quickly and easily. It makes software development using Python cheap and simple. ORM has its shortcoming, but the Django REST framework turns its disadvantages into advantages because the interface that Django ORM provides is best for REST. The huge advantage of the Django REST framework is that it has perfect interfacing models, but it can also work with the bare implementation of Data Mapper patterns. It depends on the team you have, what goals you set for them to use with the help of Django. And it has a lot to offer if you are in the outsourcing business; your average project does not last more than a year, the budget of the project is low, and deadlines are very short. It also makes it easy to serialize the data and serve it in XML or JSON format. This is very useful when creating a web service or a website that purely provides the data to be consumed by other sites or applications. In short Django framework is one of the best frameworks available in the market, which is free and simple.
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