Introduction to SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers

SAP ABAP is abbreviated as SAP Advanced Business Application Program. It is a high-level programming language and mainly used for developing and customizing software. It is a cross-platform operating system, and it first appeared in 1983. SAP SE designed it. It is also specific as a fourth-generation language (4GL). It is known as the programming language to build reports, interface, forms, and workflows etc.

If you are looking for a job related to SAP ABAP, you need to prepare for the 2023 SAP ABAP Interview Questions. Every interview is indeed different as per the different job profiles. Here, we have prepared the important SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers, which will help you succeed in your interview.

In this 2023 SAP ABAP Interview Questions article, we shall present the 10 most important and frequently used SAP ABAP interview questions. These questions are divided into two parts are as follows:

Part 1 – SAP ABAP Interview Questions (Basic)

This first part covers basic Interview Questions and Answers.

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Q1. Explain SAP ABAP architecture?

Answer:
The SAP ABAP system is based on 3 tier architecture, and these 3 tiers are the presentation layer, application layer, and database layer. The presentation layer mainly consists of an input device, which is used to control the SAP system and referred to as SAP GUI. The application layer consists of a server where all the central processing takes place. The servers are communicating the database layer for performance and security reasons.

Q2. What is the BDC technique in ABAP programming?

Answer:
It is referred to as batch Data communications, and it is an automatic procedure to transfer a huge amount of external data into the SAP system. The central component of transfer is Queue File, which receives the batches’ data and groups it into associate sessions.

Q3. Explain the Lock Objects and mechanism?

Answer:
It is used to synchronize access to the same data by more than one program, the ABAP Dictionary feature in SAP. It is used in SAP to avoid data inconsistency whenever the data is updated or modified, or inserted in the database. The data records are accessed with the help of programs, and these tables whose data is locked defined as Lock object. The lock mechanism mainly follows the two functions. First, a program can prevent itself from reading the data which another program has changed. Second, a program can communicate with other programs to read the data or data getting changed. The program has requested the lock, and then it goes to the enqueue server, and the lock is getting created on the lock table. The sever set the lock, and the program can read the data or access the data.

Q4. What is the difference between table and structure in the ABAP data dictionary?

Answer:
This is the basic SAP ABAP Interview Question asked in an interview. The difference between them is a table can have a primary key, but the structure does not have it. In Table, data can be stored physically, but the structure cannot store the data. The structure does not have a technical attribute, whereas the table can have a technical attribute.

Q5. Explain the use of logical block in the SAP ABAP program and data dictionary?

Answer:
In ABAP, the organization of programs into modular units using modularization called logical blocks. It helps increase the program readability and redundancy in creating it and during the maintenance cycle. It also helps in reusing the code again.

ABAP data dictionary is used to define the logical structure of objects in developing application and mapping to the relational database in tables and views.

Part 2 – SAP ABAP Interview Questions (Advanced)

Let us now have a look at the advanced Interview Questions.

Q6. Explain the Foreign key relationship?

Answer:
The foreign key is used to ensure the consistency of data in tables. The foreign key is used to establish the relation between the two tables, which are explicitly defined at the filed level. While defining the foreign key, cardinality needs to be defined, and data entry should be monitored to check there is no data contradiction.

Q7. Explain the Smart forms in the SAP ABAP program?

Answer:
Smart forms are the tool used in SAP to print and send documents. It is instrumental in developing the forms, pdf files, documents and emails for the internet. SAP mainly delivers the forms for business purposes which are mainly used in management portfolios like in CRM (Customer relationship management), SD (Sales and Distribution), HR (Human Resources) and FI, that is, Financial Accounting. This tool provides the interface to develop and maintain the logic of the different forms. It also allows you to change or update the existing forms with the help of a simple graphics tool rather than using the programming tool. The user who does not know the programming language can work on these forms and configure the data as per the usage.

Q8. Explain Web Dynpro and its benefits?

Answer:
Web Dynpro is SAP ABAP is referred to as the standard SAP user interface technology which the SAP AG developed. It consists of the runtime environment and graphical development environment with specific tools integrated with ABAP. This can be used in developing the web-based applications for SAPA ABAP to use the techniques and concepts of SAP. It gives the front-end web user interface to connect directly to SAP back-end systems to access the data reporting functions.
The benefits of using WD (Web Dynpro) is that usage of graphics tools reduces the implementation effort. It helps in reusing the same components again and easy to maintain. It helps in changing the layouts and navigation easily. It provides full integration with the ABAP environment and access to the user interface as well.

Q9. What are the different types of editors available for ABAP?

Answer:
This is the most asked SAP ABAP Interview Questions in an interview. SE38 and SE40 are the two editors which are available for ABAP editor in place as well. The programs and view online reports can be created with the help of the SE38 editor, which means it will help in doing all the development of objects in the editor. The other advantage of using the SE38 editor is that it has additional features like creating packages, function group, classes, programs, module pool, and other applications.

Q10. Explain Subroutine in SAP ABAP?

Answer:
In ABAP, a subroutine is known as the reusable section of code. It is a modularization unit within the program where the function is encapsulated in the form of source code. Some part of the page out to part of the program to the subroutine to get a better view of the program, and the subsequent program can be used many times.

Q11. Mention the different modules used in BDC?

Answer:
BDC_Open_group, BDC_Insert, BDC_Close_group are the 3 different modules that are mainly used in transferring the data in sequence successfully using BDC.

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