Python 3 Commands

Introduction to Python 3 Commands

Python 3 commands have been introduced with Python 2 features and it is compatible with python 2 with help of using some inbuilt keyword to support the functionalities. Python 3 command was released in the year 2008. Python 3 is more intuitive to programmers and more precise while providing the result. Syntax has been changed for python 3 to get more clarity on what is written and what should be the output.

Basic Python 3 Commands

Basic Commands of Python 3 are as follows:

1. Print function

In Python 3, the print function is used with parenthesis to show the output which is not available in python 2.

Syntax:

print (“Content to display”)

Example:

print (“Hello World”)

2. Input function

In this python 3 commands, the entered data is always treated as string even if the data is inserted without ‘ ‘.

Syntax/ example:

>>>X: input(“x:”)
X: 5
>>>X
‘5’

3. Integer division

In Python 3, the division is more precise than python 2 and gives a better result.

Syntax/ example:

>>>X:3/2

1.5 #by default it will give this number which is not available for Python 2

4. range function

In Python 3, the Xrange function of python 2 has been renamed as range function in python 3

Syntax/ example:

range ()

5. raise function

In Python 3, an exception argument has to be put in parenthesis.

Syntax/ example:

raise an exception (“There is some issue”)

6. Arguments

In python 3 commands, arguments need to be declared with the help of keyword ‘as’

Syntax/ example:

except issue an error

7. Next function

In python 3, next function is being used and .net function cannot be used as it throws an error named as attribute error.

Syntax/ example:

next (abc)

8. Unicode

In python 3, strings are mainly stored as Unicode that is utf-8 strings and having byte classes as bytes and byte array.

9. Decision statement

If else statement is being used for decision making in python 3.

Syntax/ example:

var=10
If (var==10) : print (“Value is 10”)
Print (“Ok”)

10. Strings

In python 3, square brackets along with index is using to get the substring.

Syntax/ example:

var = “Hello World”
Print (“var[0]: ”, var [0]) #result would be ‘H’

Intermediate Python 3 Commands

Intermediate Commands of Python 3 are as follows:

1. For loop

In Python 3, for loop is being used to execute the statement multiple times.

Syntax/ example:

List= [1,2,3] For x in list:
Print (x, end = “”)

2. While loop

it will repeat the statement while the condition is true.

Syntax/ example:

while true:
Try:
Print (“next value”)
Except for stop value:
Sys.exit()

3. Math functions

There are many math functions that can be used in Python 3 to get the values or result.

Syntax/ example:

cmp(x,y)

4. List values

In Python 3, the values can be listed in list form and access the result.

Syntax/ example:

list=[‘TOM, ‘JOHN’, ‘Latham’, ‘Mary’ ] Print (“list[0]:”, list[0])

Output would be –‘TOM’

5. Functions

In Python 3, the function would be defined with keyword def

Syntax/ example:

def abc( str ):
“Hello world, my first function”
Print (str)
Return

6. Dictionary

In Python 3, it is used to assign the value and update the value as well.

Synatx/ example:

dict {‘Name’: ‘Tom’, ‘Salary’: 7500, ‘Location’: ‘USA’}
Print (“dict[‘Name’]:”, dict[‘Name’]) # output would be: Tom
Dict[‘salary’] = 8500 #updating the existing value.
Print (“dict[‘salary’]:”, dict[‘salary’])

Output would be 8500

7. Sending email

In python 3, smtp library object is being used for sending an email.

Syntax/ example:

import smtplib
Smtpobj = smtplib.SMTP([host [, port [, local_hostname]]])

8. Threading

In python 3, threading is used for various reasons and different threading method has been used like threading.activecount(), threading.currentthread(), threading.enumerate().

9. Regular expression

It is being used for matching the string from the number of strings. In this one of the example is the use of match function

Syntax/ example:

reg.match(pattern, string, flags = 0)

10. Database connectivity

In python 3, MySql is mainly used as a database and PyMySQL is an interface connecting to the MySQL database.

Syntax/ example:

import PyMySQL
db = PyMySQL.connect (“localhost”, “username”, “Password”, “Database name”)

Tips and Tricks to Use Python 3 Commands

• Use conditional operators wisely
• Use feature detection instead of using version detection
• Prevent compatibility regressions
• Check the dependencies while transitioning of the application to Python 3
• Use continuous integration to stay stable
• Use optional static type checking
• Update setup.py file to denote python 3 compatibility
• Use dictionary, list where ever needed
• Debug the scripts to check where is error or issue.
• Use enums
• Use python functions to get the result faster
• Always check the memory usage of objects

Conclusion

Python 3 makes the life comfortable for the programmers with introducing new features and compatibility to older versions as well. With the help of compatibility, the old applications can be easily moved in python 3 environment and make it up and running. Python 3 functions and its dynamic typing is really useful for the programming and make the performance better of the application.

Recommended Articles

This has been a guide to Python 3 Commands. Here we have discuss basic as well as advanced Python 3 Commands and some immediate Python 3 Commands. You may also look at the following article to learn more –

1. Tableau Commands
2. HBase Commands
3. MongoDB Commands
4. Pig Commands