Introduction to Functional Testing
Functional testing is a quality assurance process that executes the test cases on the specifications of the software component under test. Functional testing evaluates the compliance of the system against the specified functional requirements. In other words, we can say that functional testing explores what a system does. Now, if you are looking for a job related to functional testing, then you need to prepare for the functional testing interview. Here in this article, we are going to discuss the various functional testing questions with answers, which will help you to crack the interview and get success.
Top Interview Questions for Functional Testing
Below is the list of functional testing interview questions with answers
1. What is functional testing?
Ans: Functional testing is black-box testing which is used to test the functionality of the system by providing certain valid inputs to generate the desired output. Functional testing not only determines the functionality of the system as per requirement but also determines whether the software is ready to release at the end-user environment or not.
2. List of techniques used to perform the functional testing.
Ans: Below is the list of techniques that are used to check the functionality of the system.
• Unit testing
• System testing
• Integration testing
• Regression testing
• Smoke testing
• Usability testing
• User acceptance testing
• Requirement based testing
• Business process-based testing
3. How functional testing is carried out?
Ans: Functional Testing involved following steps
• First All the requirements specified by the user or organization are studied and then clear all the doubts and queries.
• Based on the requirements, test cases are designed by keeping in mind all the test scenarios that should be considered for all test cases
• Identify all test data that is required to check the functionality of the system and determine the input.
• Based on the input values and functionality, determine the expected output.
• Execute all test cases to check whether is performing well or not
• Compare the outcome with expected output and determine the rate of defect and accuracy of the system.
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4. What is smoke testing?
Ans: Smoke testing is performed on the system after receiving the build. It checks for the critical path and not the functionality in deep to make sure that whether the build is to be accepted for further testing or to be rejected in case of a broken system. Smoke testing checks the critical path of the system without which the application is blocked.
5. How functional testing is different from non-functional testing?
Ans: Functional testing determines the behavior of a system as per the user’s functional requirements whereas nonfunctional testing determines the performance of the system as per the user’s expectations. Functional testing is performed first using manual and automation testing tools whereas Non-functional testing is performed after functional testing using required effective tools. It is easy to perform manual testing on functional testing whereas it is difficult to perform manual testing on non-functional testing.
6. What is Sanity testing?
Ans: Sanity testing is used to check the functionality of the system roughly as expected and determine whether the defect is fixed and also check the effect of the fixed defect on a system under test. Sanity testing is performed after receiving the build to check the new functionalities to be fixed. If sanity testing fails, the tester will not accept the build and reject the system.
7. What is RTM?
RTM stands for Requirement Traceability Matrix, which is a tool that is used to keep the track of requirement coverage over the process of testing. As soon as the requirement document received, the RTM is created based on the requirements and maintain until the release of the system or application. RTM is maintained to keep track that everything mentioned in the requirements specification has been implemented before the release of the system.
8. What is boundary value analysis?
Ans: Boundary value analysis is a testing technique that is used to check the boundary value of equivalence class partition. Boundary value analysis identifies the errors at boundaries than within the range values.
9. What is equivalence partition?
Ans: Equivalence partition is a black box testing technique where input data is divided into data classes. It is done in order to reduce the number of test cases and covers the maximum requirements. The equivalence partition technique is applied where input data values are divided into ranges.
10. What is data-driven testing?
Ans: Data-driven testing is a functional testing method where series of test script are executed repeatedly with the help of data sources like Excel, spreadsheet, CSV file, XML file, and SQL database. These data sources are used as input values to generate the output. Then the outcome is compared expected to verify the system or software.
Conclusion
Here in this article, we have discussed the top possible questions that can be asked in an interview based on functional testing. Hope you enjoyed the article.
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