Introduction to CSS Color Chart
Colors are important in any type of presentation. As we have noticed in our articles about CSS, color is a major element. Be it borders, background or text, every developer wants the option of choosing the color in accordance with their planned layout. And like always, CSS does not disappoint. It offers a wide range of colors that one can use in their page. And use of colors is not limited to just color names. CSS has an option to use the Hex code, short hex code, RGB value and other options as well, to call a particular color.
Syntax:
The color for any element in CSS can be defined using the element color.
p{
color: black;
}
Here, we have made use of a keyword to call for the required color. We can use Hex code for the same.
The syntax will be:
color: #000000;
We can use short hex code also, to call for a particular color. The syntax for shot hex code for Black color will be:
color: #000;
Apart from hex code, we can call for colors using RGB values or decimal values. That, for color black will be as below:
color: rgb(0,0,0);
Some of the common color codes are as follows:
| Color | Hex Code | Short Hex Code | RGB / Decimal |
| White | #ffffff | #fff | Rgb(255,255,255) |
| Red | #ff0000 | #f00 | rgb(255,0,0) |
| Green | #008000 | rgb(0,128,0) | |
| Yellow | #ffff00 | #ff0 | rgb(255,255,0) |
| Blue | #0000ff | #00f | rgb(0, 0, 255) |
| Pink | #ffc0cb | rgb(255,192,203) | |
| Purple | #800080 | rgb(128,0,128) |
How to Create a CSS Color Chart?
Let us look at the examples of how to create a color chart.
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Example #1
Using Keywords for colors, and creating an inverted rainbow through external CSS
- We will use external CSS for this example. Hence, we will be creating the style sheet first.
- In this example, we will be using the color names or keywords for calling the colors. We will create classes with different colors of background. The class can be created in the following manner:
.cl1{
background-color: red;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
- We will six more classes of the same type, calling different colors of VIBGYOR. The final CSS code should look like as below:
.cl1{
background-color: red;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl2{
background-color: orange;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl3{
background-color: yellow;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl4{
background-color: green;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl5{
background-color: blue;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl6{
background-color: indigo;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl7{
background-color: violet;
height: 25px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
- Next, we will code for the HTML file. Since its an external CSS example, we will call the style sheet in the header section. In the body section, we will create server paragraphs, calling all the seven classes we have created in our CSS file. The code will be as follows:
<html>
<head>
<title>Color Chart</title>
<link rel = "stylesheet" href = "colorchart.css">
</head>
<body>
<p class="cl1">Red</p>
<p class="cl2">Orange</p>
<p class="cl3">Yellow</p>
<p class="cl4">Green</p>
<p class="cl5">Blue</p>
<p class="cl6">Indigo</p>
<p class="cl7">Violet</p>
</body>
</html>
- We can observe the output by saving the html file and opening it through a browser. It must look similar to the output given below:
Example #2
Creating a pastel color chart, using Hex Code for colors through external CSS
- We will create this chart using external CSS as well, hence will start by creating a style sheet.
- Similar to the previous example, we will create different classes with different background colors. The final CSS code should look as the code below:
.cl1{
background-color: #add8e6;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl2{
background-color: #90ee90;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl3{
background-color: #ffb6c1;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl4{
background-color: #20b2aa;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl5{
background-color: #f08080;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl6{
background-color: #e0ffff;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl7{
background-color: #ffffe0;
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
- Next, we will create an HTML page where we will call the external style sheet in head section, and the CSS classes in the body section. The code will be as follows:
<html>
<head>
<title>Color Chart</title>
<link rel = "stylesheet" href = "colorchart.css">
</head>
<body>
<p class="cl1">Pastel Blue</p>
<p class="cl2">Pastel Green</p>
<p class="cl3">Pastel Pink</p>
<p class="cl4">Pastel Sea Green</p>
<p class="cl5">Pastel Coral</p>
<p class="cl6">Pastel Cyan</p>
<p class="cl7">Pastel Yellow</p>
</body>
</html>
- Saving the html file and opening it through the browser, shall give the following output:
Example #3
Using rgb/decimal values for creating color char through internal CSS
- Since we are using internal style of CSS for this example, we will directly code the HTML page.
- In the head section, we will define the style i.e, different classes with different background colors. Please note, we will be using the decimal code or rgb values for the colors.
- In the body section, we will call for those classes.
- The final code for the HTML page should be as follows:
<html>
<head>
<title>Color Chart</title>
<style>
.cl1{
background-color: rgb(255,0,0);
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl2{
background-color: rgb(0,128,0);
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl3{
background-color: rgb(255,255,0);
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl4{
background-color:rgb(0, 0, 255);
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl5{
background-color: rgb(255,192,203);
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
.cl6{
background-color: rgb(128,0,128);
height: 40px;
width: 70px;
color: #000;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p class="cl1">Red</p>
<p class="cl2">Green</p>
<p class="cl3">Yellow</p>
<p class="cl4">Blue</p>
<p class="cl5">Pink</p>
<p class="cl6">Purple</p>
</body>
</html>
- The output for the above code can be observed by saving the file and opening it through a browser. It should be as follows:
Conclusion
In the above few examples, we learnt how to use different types of values, to call for different colors in CSS. These were some limited set of colors, but CSS offers a wide range, which the developers can explore based on their choice of customization.
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