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PostgreSQL Tutorial
  • Basic
    • What is PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Features
    • How to Install PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Versions
    • PostgreSQL Architecture
    • PostgreSQL GUI
    • Postgres Command-Line
    • PostgreSQL Variables
    • PostgreSQL Data Types
    • PostgreSQL NOT NULL
    • PostgreSQL Integer
    • PostgreSQL Boolean
    • PostgreSQL BIGINT
    • PostgreSQL NULLIF
    • PostgreSQL Administration
    • PostgreSQL Commands
    • PostgreSQL Operators
    • PostgreSQL IN Operator
    • Postgres like query
    • PostgreSQL encode
    • PostgreSQL Cheat Sheet
    • PostgreSQL List Databases
    • PostgreSQL Rename Database
  • Control Statement
    • PostgreSQL IF Statement
    • PostgreSQL if else
    • PostgreSQL CASE Statement
    • PostgreSQL LOOP
    • PostgreSQL For Loop
    • PostgreSQL While Loop
  • Joins
    • Joins in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Inner Join
    • PostgreSQL Outer Join
    • LEFT OUTER JOIN in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL FULL OUTER JOIN
    • PostgreSQL LEFT JOIN
    • PostgreSQL Full Join
    • PostgreSQL Cross Join
    • PostgreSQL NATURAL JOIN
    • PostgreSQL UPDATE JOIN
  • Queries
    • PostgreSQL Queries
    • PostgreSQL INSERT INTO
    • PostgreSQL WHERE Clause
    • PostgreSQL WITH Clause
    • PostgreSQL ORDER BY
    • PostgreSQL ORDER BY Random
    • PostgreSQL ORDER BY DESC
    • PostgreSQL GROUP BY
    • PostgreSQL group_concat
    • PostgreSQL HAVING
    • PostgreSQL Recursive Query
  • Advanced
    • PostgreSQL Schema
    • Postgres List Schemas
    • PostgreSQL Drop Schema
    • PostgreSQL VARCHAR
    • Array in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL DDL
    • PostgreSQL List Users
    • Postgres Default User
    • Postgres add user
    • PostgreSQL User Password
    • PostgreSQL log_statement
    • PostgreSQL repository
    • PostgreSQL shared_buffer
    • PostgreSQL String Functions
    • PostgreSQL Compare Strings
    • PostgreSQL Text Search
    • PostgreSQL TEXT
    • PostgreSQL String Array
    • PostgreSQL where in array
    • PostgreSQL Constraints
    • PostgreSQL UNIQUE Constraint
    • PostgreSQL CHECK Constraint
    • PostgreSQL INTERSECT
    • PostgreSQL Like
    • Cursors in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL UNION ALL
    • Indexes in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Index Types
    • PostgreSQL REINDEX
    • PostgreSQL UNIQUE Index
    • PostgreSQL Clustered Index
    • PostgreSQL DROP INDEX
    • PostgreSQL DISTINCT
    • PostgreSQL FETCH
    • PostgreSQL RAISE EXCEPTION
    • PostgreSQL Auto Increment
    • Sequence in PostgreSQL
    • Wildcards in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Subquery
    • PostgreSQL Alias
    • PostgreSQL LIMIT
    • PostgreSQL Limit Offset
    • PostgreSQL LAG()
    • PostgreSQL Table
    • Postgres Show Tables
    • PostgreSQL Describe Table
    • PostgreSQL Lock Table
    • PostgreSQL ALTER TABLE
    • Postgres Rename Table
    • PostgreSQL List Tables
    • PostgreSQL TRUNCATE TABLE
    • PostgreSQL Table Partitioning
    • Postgres DROP Table
    • PostgreSQL Functions
    • PostgreSQL Math Functions
    • PostgreSQL Window Functions
    • Aggregate Functions in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Primary Key
    • Foreign Key in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Procedures
    • PostgreSQL Stored Procedures
    • PostgreSQL Views
    • PostgreSQL Materialized Views
    • Postgres Create View
    • PostgreSQL Triggers
    • PostgreSQL DROP TRIGGER
    • PostgreSQL Date Functions
    • PostgreSQL TO_DATE()
    • PostgreSQL datediff
    • PostgreSQL Timestamp
    • PostgreSQL CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
    • PostgreSQL Notify
    • PostgreSQL LENGTH()
    • PostgreSQL blob
    • PostgreSQL Median
    • PostgreSQL kill query
    • PostgreSQL Formatter
    • PostgreSQL RANK()
    • PostgreSQL Select
    • PostgreSQL Average
    • PostgreSQL DATE_PART()
    • PostgreSQL EXECUTE
    • PostgreSQL COALESCE
    • PostgreSQL EXTRACT()
    • PostgreSQL Sort
    • PostgreSQL TO_CHAR
    • PostgreSQL Interval
    • PostgreSQL Number Types
    • PostgreSQL ROW_NUMBER
    • Alter Column in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Identity Column
    • PostgreSQL SPLIT_PART()
    • PostgreSQL CONCAT()
    • PostgreSQL replace
    • PostgreSQL TRIM()
    • PostgreSQL MAX
    • PostgreSQL DELETE
    • PostgreSQL Float
    • PostgreSQL OID
    • PostgreSQL log
    • PostgreSQL REGEXP_MATCHES()
    • PostgreSQL MD5 
    • PostgreSQL NOW()
    • PostgreSQL RANDOM
    • PostgreSQL round
    • PostgreSQL Trunc()
    • PostgreSQL TIME
    • PostgreSQL IS NULL
    • PostgreSQL CURRENT_TIME
    • PostgreSQL MOD()
    • Postgresql Count
    • PostgreSQL Datetime
    • PostgreSQL MIN()
    • PostgreSQL age()
    • PostgreSQL enum
    • PostgreSQL OR
    • PostgreSQL Wal
    • PostgreSQL NOT IN
    • PostgreSQL SET
    • PostgreSQL Current Date
    • PostgreSQL Compare Date
    • PostgreSQL SERIAL
    • PostgreSQL UUID
    • PostgreSQL Merge
    • PostgreSQL Database
    • PostgreSQL Clone Database
    • PostgreSQL Copy Database
    • PostgreSQL Show Databases
    • PostgreSQL Restore Database
    • PostgreSQL DROP DATABASE
    • PostgreSQL ALTER DATABASE
    • Postgres DROP Database
    • Postgres Dump Database
    • PostgreSQL OFFSET
    • PostgreSQL GRANT
    • PostgreSQL COMMIT
    • PostgreSQL ROLLUP
    • PostgreSQL JSON
    • EXPLAIN ANALYZE in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Temporary Table
    • PostgreSQL Show Tables
    • PostgreSQL cluster
    • PostgreSQL Replication
    • PostgreSQL Logical Replication
    • PostgreSQL flush privileges
    • PostgreSQL Tablespaces
    • CAST in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL CTE
    • hstore in PostgreSQL
    • PostgreSQL Encryption
    • PostgreSQL DECODE()
    • PostgreSQL Vacuum
    • PostgreSQL EXCLUDE
    • Postgres Change Password
    • Postgres Delete Cascade
    • PostgreSQL EXCEPT
    • PostgreSQL Roles
    • PostgreSQL Link
    • PostgreSQL Partition
    • PostgreSQL column does not exist
    • PostgreSQL Log Queries
    • PostgreSQL escape single quote
    • PostgreSQL Query Optimization
    • PostgreSQL Character Varying
    • PostgreSQL Transaction
    • PostgreSQL Extensions
    • PostgreSQL Import CSV
    • PostgreSQL Client
    • PostgreSQL caching
    • PostgreSQL Incremental Backup
    • PostgreSQL JSON vs JSONNB
    • PostgreSQL JDBC Driver
    • PostgreSQL Interview Questions

What is PostgreSQL?

By Priya PedamkarPriya Pedamkar

What is PostgreSQL

Introduction to PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is the open-source relational database software that runs on the Linux platform and functions with objects as a relational component in the database management system. It uses Structured Query Language (SQL) for accessing the data in the tables of the database, and hence it is also called Postgres. Some of this database’s prominent features are that it is highly robust and reliable, the recovering process is effortless, and maintenance costs less cost and manual efforts. It is developed and maintained by the PostgreSQL Global Development Group, which is a group of PostgreSQL developers.

What is PostgreSQL?

It is made alive by PostgreSQL Global Development Group, a different group of many companies and individual contributors who made this possible. It is mainly run on Linux/Unix platform.

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You will find PostgreSQL, also known as Postgres. This is an object-relational database management system, And it uses SQL (Structured query language) as its main query language. DBMS is a combination of applications, different utilities, and libraries. Over the years, there are no. of database management systems out there. The object-relational database specifies large, shared databases.

First of all, we need to know What is the Actual term for the Database?

A database is a system in which we can store our data. Retrieve the data from it. Manipulate the data as well. Servers mainly maintain these systems in the database. Each application has its own database.

Understanding

It is effortless to learn. I just need to know how exactly it works. And the best way to get an overview by its building blocks. How exactly it behaves.

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PostgreSQL supports many data types such as string, numeric, date, and time like My SQL. It also supports data types for geometric shapes, images, network addresses, bit strings, text searches, JSON entries, etc.

Architecture of PostgreSQL

In the following diagram, we see more than one client is requesting a database at the time. And the database is serving these clients efficiently. This helps PostgreSQL to maintain integrity.

The Architecture is based on Client-Server Model:

PostSQL-1

Why Use PostgreSQL?

It is a perfect tool when it comes to integration with other tools. It handles data integrity and complex operations with ease.

  • It is effortless to learn.
  • It manages data in a relational database.
  • It is very robust and powerful.

Key Features

  • This supports the locking mechanism.
  • It has high availability.
  • It is free and open-source software.
  • This is ACID compliant.
  • It has the capacity for fault tolerance.
  • It also supports image, video, audio storage and supports graphical data.
  • It requires deficient maintenance.
  • It supports Multi-version concurrency control (MVCC).
  • Recovery is high.
  • It has user-defined data types.
  • Table inheritance.
  • It runs on all operating systems.

What Makes PostgreSQL Stand Out?

It is an ancient database management system. We can integrate PostgreSQL with any programming language like Java, C, C++, etc. This feature allows defining our own customized functions. The  Postgre structured query language has many features that we could find in other databases.

This is an ancient database. So, we can find troubleshooting with this database is easy. The community base for PostgreSQL is huge.

It is flexible to work. It supports user-defined data types with primitive ones. Primitive means one which came with the language itself. Postgre Structured query language is one system that implemented multi-version concurrency control (MVCC). Like any other language, PostgreSQL has its own commands. Usually, a separate database server getting for different projects.

What is the Use of PostgreSQL?

It has the following characteristics:

  • Sophisticated locking.
  • View.
  • Foreign key referential integrity.
  • Rules.
  • Inheritance.
  • MVCC (Multiple version concurrency control).
  • Subselects.
  • Transactions.
  • User-defined types.

 Following are some of the New Features added in PostgreSQL

  • Tablespaces.
  • The point in time recovery.
  • Ability to alter column types.
  • Native Microsoft Windows version.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Following are the Advantages and Disadvantages:

Advantages

  • Easy to use.
  • Has a user-defined data type.
  • Open-source.
  • A lot of community support.
  • Make use of Stored procedures.
  • It supports ACID, i.e. Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Disadvantages

  • Suppose we see the architecture of Postgre (Structured query language). The above diagram creates separate services for every client, which turns into a lot of memory utilization.
  • If we make a comparison, PostgreSQL is not good when it comes to performance.
  • It is not much popular than other database management systems.
  • This also has a lack of skilled professionals.
  • When it comes to speed, it is not worthy as compared to other tools.
  • Making replication is more complex.
  • Installation is not easy for the beginner.

Conclusion

Every system has some drawbacks. Postgre Structured query language also has some. It is an ancient system but still in the market and in some places it ruins. If you really want to learn PostgreSQL, then first start with SQL.

By learning SQL, you will have an idea of how things are working actually. And with SQL, you are ready to tackle any database easily.

Recommended Article

This has been a guide to What is PostgreSQL?. Here we have discussed the Definition and Key Features of PostgreSQL along with its Advantages and Disadvantages. You may also look at the following articles to learn more –

  1. PostgreSQL Interview Questions
  2. PostgreSQL String Functions
  3. Different PostgreSQL Versions and Features
  4. Advanced Features of PostgreSQL
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