Difference Between MySQL and NoSQL
MySQL is used in the SQL database management system, a product from Microsoft corporation, where in NoSQL is a database type where SQL is necessary to access the document-based contents of the non-relational database management systems. Structuring and standardizing the database is essential for a relational database with MySQL. NoSQL, on the other hand, allows the unformatted and non-related data to be placed and operated as per the user’s requirements.
MySQL
- MySQL development project has made its source code available under the terms of GNU General Public License, also under a variety of proprietary agreements. Initially, MySQL was owned and sponsored by a Swedish company called MySQL AB, now owned by Oracle Corporation.
- MySQL is relational in nature since all the data is stored in different tables and relations are established using primary keys or other keys known as foreign keys.
- MySQL is fast, easy to use a relational database that is being utilized by big and small businesses equally well. There are a plethora of reasons behind the popularity of relational databases like MySQL. It is a very powerful program in its own right, by handling a large subset of the functionality of the most expensive and powerful database packages.
- A standard form of language being used is a well-known data language called SQL for MySQL database. It can work on a multitude of operating systems and with many languages like C++, PHP, Java, C, etc. One of the key advantages of MySQL is that it is customizable since open source GPL license allows programmers to modify the MySQL software to fit their own specific environments.
NoSQL
- A data structure used by the NoSQL database is vastly different from those used in a relational database. Some operations are faster in NoSQL than relational databases like MySQL. Data structures used by NoSQL databases can also be viewed as more flexible and scalable than relational databases.
- A primary reason for this different data structure could be driven by the simplicity of design, simpler horizontal scaling to clusters of machines and more control over availability.
- NoSQL databases are primarily used in big data and real-time web applications. These types of databases gain a surge in their popularity in the early twenty-first century. A primary reason for this sudden surge can say to be triggered by companies such as Facebook, Amazon, and Google.
- Most of the NoSQL databases are driven by eventual consistency which means database changes are propagated to all nodes within milliseconds, so queries of data might not return updated data immediately, which is a problem called stale reads. A central concept of the NoSQL database revolves around “document”.
- While every document-oriented database implementation differs on the details of the definition, but they all assume that documents encapsulate and encode data in some standard formats of encodings.
- Documents are addressed in the database via a unique key that represents the document. In addition to the key lookup performed by a key-value store, the database also offered API or a query language that retrieves the documents based on their contents.
Head To Head Comparison Between MySQL and NoSQL (Infographics)
Below is the top 8 difference between MySQL vs NoSQL
Key differences between MySQL vs NoSQL
Both are popular choices in the market; let us discuss some of the major difference:
- MySQL is a relational database that is based on tabular design whereas NoSQL is non-relational in nature with its document-based design.
- MySQL has established a database, covering huge IT market whereas NoSQL databases are the latest arrival, hence still gaining popularity among big IT giants.
- MySQL database with its settled market encompasses a huge community whereas the NoSQL database with the short span arrival has a comparatively short community.
- MySQL is not so easily scalable with their rigid schema restrictions whereas NoSQL can be easily scaled with their dynamic schema nature.
- The detailed database model is required before database creation in MySQL whereas no detailed modeling is required in the case of NoSQL database types.
- MySQL is one of the types of relational database whereas NoSQL is more of design based database type with examples like MongoDB, Couch DB, etc.
- MySQL is available with a wide array of reporting tools help application’s validity whereas NoSQL databases lack reporting tools for analysis and performance testing.
- MySQL being a relational database is less flexible with its design constraint whereas NoSQL being non-relational in nature, provides a more flexible design as compared to MySQL.
- MySQL is being used with a standard query language called SQL whereas NoSQL like databases misses a standard query language.
- MySQL like a relational database can provide a performance issue for a huge amount of data, hence require optimization of queries whereas NoSQL databases like MongoDB are good at performance even with the dataset is huge in size.
MySQL vs NoSQL Comparison Table
The primary Comparison between MySQL vs NoSQL are discussed below:
| The Basis Of Comparison |
MySQL |
NoSQL |
| Nature | A relational database in nature | A non-relational database in nature |
| Design | Modeled based on the concept of “table” | Modeled based on the concept of “document” |
| Scalable | Being relational in nature can be a tough task to scale big data | Easily scalable big data as compared to relational |
| Model | Detailed database model needs to be in place before the creation | No need to develop a detailed database model |
| Community | A vast and expert community is available | A community is growing rapidly and smaller as compared to MySQL |
| Standardization | SQL is standard language | Lack of a standard query language |
| Schema | Schema is rigid | Dynamic schema is a key benefit of NoSQL |
| Flexibility | Not so flexible design-wise, new column or field insertion affects a design | New column or fields can be inserted without existing design |
Conclusion
In MySQL vs NoSQL, we have seen that NoSQL databases are becoming a major part of the database landscape today. There are being shipped with multiple advantages, like performance at a big data level, scalability, and flexibility of design, etc. Hence, they can be a real game changer in the upcoming IT market. Other attributes like lower cost and open source features make NoSQL an appealing option for many companies looking to integrate big data. However, NoSQL is still a young technology without the set of standards that SQL databases like MySQL offer.
MySQL, on the other hand, is still covering a huge chunk of the market since it has a standard SQL language that provides easy access and modification of databases. Being an established database, it has a huge community with a well-defined instructions and problem areas section. Hence, general problems coming up with the MySQL database can be easily resolved with its well-versed community.
As with any major business decision, IT leaders also need to weigh their options and thus conclude the difference between both, what are the features which are important to them in the database. Some people may argue that NoSQL is the way to the future, whereas other people are concerned with its lack of standardization. At the end of the day, the choice depends on the complex business needs of the organization and the volume of data it consumes.
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