MySQL vs MongoDB

Differences Between MySQL vs MongoDB

MySQL is a database system used in Web Development, MySQL is developed, marketed and supported by MySQL  AB, which is a Swedish company. MySQL is very fast, easy-to-use. It uses a standard form of the well-known SQL data language. It supports large databases, up to 50 million rows or more in a table. MongoDB is a NoSQL Database, it is a cross-platform, document-oriented database that provides, high availability, high performance, and easy scalability. MongoDB works on the concept of collection and document.

MySQL

• You have nothing to pay to use it because MySQL is released under an open-source license. It works on many operating systems and with many languages including C++, JAVA, PHP, PERL, C, etc. The open-source GPL license allows programmers to modify the MySQL software to fit their own specific environments.
• The default file size limit for a table is 4GB, We can increase this (if our operating system can handle it) to a theoretical limit of 8 million terabytes (TB). It works very quickly and works well even with large datasets. It handles a large subset of the functionality of the most expensive and powerful database packages.
• It compiles on many platforms. It is named after co-founder Monty Widenius’s daughter: My. Data stored in MySQL tables, Tables are collections of related data. Tables have row and columns to store data, Tables are related by different keys like primary keys, Foreign keys, etc.

MongoDB

• A collection is a group of MongoDB documents. It is the equivalent of an RDBMS table. A collection exists within a single database. Collections do not enforce a schema.
• A document is a set of key-value pairs. Documents have a dynamic schema. Dynamic schema means that documents in the same collection do not need to have the same set of fields or structures, and common fields in a collection’s documents may hold different types of data.

MySql Stores date in from Tables Example given below

ID	FirstName	LastName	Age	Email
312	John	roy	44	john@gmail.com

MongoDB stores data in form Documents Example given below.

{

_id: ObjectId(7df38ad8902c)

title: ‘MongoDB Test’,

description: ‘MongoDB is no sql DB’,

by: ‘by me’,

url: ‘http://www.xyz.com’,

MySQL vs MongoDB

tags: [‘mongodb’, ‘database’, ‘NoSQL’],

likes: 100,

comments: [

{

user:’user1′,

message: ‘thinking to ask question’,

dateCreated: new Date(2011,1,21,2,15),

like: 0

},

{

user:’user2′,

message: ‘how we are going to use please help me’,

dateCreated: new Date(2011,1,27,7,45),

like: 5

}

]

}

In the above documents   _id is a 12 bytes hexadecimal number which assures the uniqueness of every document. We can provide _id while inserting the document. If we don’t provide then MongoDB provides a unique id for every document. These 12 bytes first 4 bytes for the current timestamp, next 3 bytes for machine id, next 2 bytes for process id of MongoDB server, and remaining 3 bytes are simple incremental values.

Head to Head Comparison Between MYSQL vs MongoDB (Infographics)

Below are the top 6 differences between MYSQL and MongoDB:

Key Differences Between MYSQL and MongoDB

Let us discuss some of the major difference between MYSQL and MongoDB:

In MySQL: if an index is not defined, the database engine must scan the entire table to find all relevant rows.

In MongoDB: if an index is not found, every document within a collection must be scanned to select the documents that provide a match to the query statement.

Selecting records from the customer table:

In MySQL: SELECT * FROM customer In MongoDB: db.customer.find()

Inserting records into the customer table:

In MySQL: INSERT INTO customer (cust_id, branch, status) VALUES (‘appl01’, ‘main’, ‘A’)

In MongoDB: db.customer.insert({ cust_id: ‘appl01’, branch: ‘main’, status: ‘A’ })

Updating records in the customer table:

In MySQL:  UPDATE customer SET branch = ‘main’ WHERE custage > 2

In MongoDB:  db.customer.update( { custage: { $gt: 2 } }, { $set: { branch: ‘main’ } }, { multi: true } )

MySQL is written in C and C++ and has binaries for the following systems: Microsoft Windows, OS X, HP-UX ,Linux, AIX, BSDi, FreeBSD, , IRIX, NetBSD, and more.

MongoDB was written in C++, C, and JavaScript and has binaries for the following systems: Linux, OS X, Solaris, and Windows.

MySQL: MySQL supports master-slave replication and master-master replication (as of MySQL 5.7.6 and later). Multisource replication allows you to replicate from several masters in parallel.

MongoDB: MongoDB supports built-in replication, sharding, and auto-elections. Using auto-elections, you can set up a secondary database to automatically take over if the primary database fails. Sharding allows for horizontal scaling, which is difficult to implement in MySQL.

MYSQL and MongoDB Comparison Table

Below is the comparison table between MYSQL and MongoDB.

Basis Of Comparison	MYSQL	MongoDB
Definition	MySQL is a relational database system that is open source, no need to pay money to use it.	MongoDB is a NoSQL database, it stores data in form of a document that contains a document id that is always unique.
Structure to store	MySQL stores its data in tables and uses the structured query language (SQL) to access the data. MySQL uses schemas to define the database structure, requiring that all rows within a table have the same structure with values being represented by a specific data type.	MongoDB, data is stored in JSON-like documents that can have varied structures. To improve query speed, MongoDB can store related data together, which is accessed using the MongoDB query language. MongoDB is schema-free, allowing you to create documents without having to define the structure of the document first.
Benefits	It has fixed schemas, use SQL to find the data	It does not require schemas, It json based. used unstructured queries.
Real Time Usage	Legacy system those required data stored in the tabular form like banking application.	Content management, Real-time analytics, Internet of things, mobile.
Industry	Pinterest, Twitter, YouTube, Netflix, Spotify, US Navy, NASA, Walmart, and Paypal	Citrix, Twitter, T-Mobile, Zendesk, Sony, Hootsuite, SurveyMonkey, MuleSoft, Foursquare, and InVision
Generation	MySQL has been maturing since 1995.	MongoDB was released in 2009.

Conclusion

Both MySQL vs MongoDB have their own advantages and disadvantages .which one has to use totally depends on our project requirement. If we are dealing with the banking system which maintains users’ transactions or legacy system in these cases MySQL selection will be the best choice while in the case of an Internet of things, Mobile, Content Management, analytics MongoDB will be the best choice.

Recommended Articles

This has been a guide to the top difference between MYSQL vs MongoDB. Here we also discuss the MYSQL vs MongoDB head-to-head comparison key differences along with infographics and a comparison table. You may also have a look at the following MYSQL vs MongoDB articles to learn more –

1. MySQL vs MSSQL
2. MongoDB vs Oracle
3. SQL Server vs MySQL
4. DBMS and RDBMS