Difference Between MongoDB vs PostgreSQL
MongoDB is an open-source software from MongoDB Inc that is used for non-relational database management systems, while PostgreSQL is developed and maintained by the PostgreSQL Development group that is used for the relational database management system. As PostgreSQL handles relational database, it is object-oriented in nature. In MongoDB, all the contents of the database are documents and files. Both PostgreSQL and MongoDB are supported in all the major Operating Systems, including Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.
MongoDB
- MongoDB generally stores the data like documents and represented in a binary form which is called binary JSON. The first release of MongoDB was in the year 2009. It is available in the English language. It is also referred to as BSON. In MongoDB, documents are described their own structure and fields in documents can be changed from document to document and a cluster of documents referred to as Collection. In the document, if any changes are made like any field added or deleted then only that document will get updated without affecting another document in a collection.
- MongoDB has features like its support fields, range queries, etc. MongoDB follows mainly the document data model which helps developers to connect with the application code directly. The other feature is indexing, which helps the fields to be indexed in the document. In MongoDB, a copy of data can be created with replica sets. It helps to create the second part of primary data if primary fails then replica set automatically check and make secondary to primary. There are other features like load balancing, file storage, aggregation, server-side javascript, etc.
- MongoDB is mainly built on distributed system architecture. In MongoDB, documents bring together related data and it supports multi-document transactions, which helps in connecting the source database to ACID guarantees of a relational database. This improves the performance of the database and provides flexibility, a power to document data model. Data integrity can be maintained through snapshots and transactions.
PostgreSQL
- PostgreSQL is developed by the PostgreSQL Global Development group. It was initially released in the year 1996. It is mainly written in C language only.
- PostgreSQL generally stores the data in tables and it uses the dynamic and static schemas both to use relational data and storage. PostgreSQL mainly manages its concurrency by following the concept of MVCC i.e. multi-version concurrency control. PostgreSQL has many features like replication, indexing, schemas, wide variety of data types, Inheritance, online backup, used-defined objects like conversions and procedural language.
- PostgreSQL uses FDW (Foreign data wrappers) to retrieve the data from other systems as it can change into any form of a data source. It helps the generally written queries in SQL can be used to fetch the data from the data source like table and others. PostgreSQL has a wide range of connected interfaces, which helps in supporting the other programming languages.
- In PostgreSQL, the database can be defined earlier based on the requirements. The information or data can be stored in separate tables accordingly. PostgreSQL also provides security based on the role of the user. The permissions can be granted and revoked on the users as well as groups.
Head to Head Comparison Between MongoDB and PostgreSQL (Infographics)
Below is the top 8 difference between MongoDB and PostgreSQL:
Key differences between MongoDB and PostgreSQL
Let us discuss some of the major Difference Between MongoDB and PostgreSQL:
- In MongoDB, Collection is used for storing the related information. In PostgreSQL, the tables are used for storing the related data information.
- In MongoDB, the document is used for getting information. In PostgreSQL, the row is used.
- In MongoDB, if any new column is added then it is referred to as a field in the document. In PostgreSQL, it is referred to as a column only.
- In MongoDB, a replica set is used for maintaining the data set. In PostgreSQL, replication is synchronous which is also called 2-safe replication.
- In MongoDB, the aggregation pipeline is used in queries. In PostgreSQL, GROUP_BY is used for the same purpose.
- MongoDB has the community support forums and other online sites like StackOverflow and severs fault. PostgreSQL has a wide range of community forums and commercial support as well.
- MongoDB maintains the documentation, which helps is defining the servers. PostgreSQL maintains online documentation.
- MongoDB follows the distributed architecture. PostgreSQL follows the monolithic architecture.
MongoDB and PostgreSQL Comparison Table
The primary Comparison between MongoDB and PostgreSQL are discussed below:
| Basis of Comparison between MongoDB vs PostgreSQL |
MongoDB |
PostgreSQL |
| Definition | MongoDB is an open source, non- relational database management system. | PostgreSQL is a relational database management system. |
| Programmed | MongoDB has mainly programmed in C and C++ programming language and JavaScript language. | PostgreSQL is mainly programmed in C language. |
| Developed | MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. | PostgreSQL is developed by the PostgreSQL global development group. |
| Orientation | It is mainly document-oriented. | It is mainly object-oriented. |
| Multi-Lingual | MongoDB is only available in the English language. | PostgreSQL is available in multiple languages. |
| Platforms | MongoDB supports many platforms as compared to PostgreSQL. | PostgreSQL supports mainly Unix-like and Windows platforms only. |
| Syntax | In MongoDB, syntax is different compared to other relational databases. | PostgreSQL’s syntax is like other relational databases. |
| Website | Mongodb.com | postgresql.org |
Conclusion
MongoDB vs PostgreSQL benchmark both are different database management system. Their architecture is different mainly and they are different in use as MongoDB is documented based which uses collections to store the related information. PostgreSQL is used mainly when static JSON is used and data is structured for SQL storage. MongoDB is mainly used when data is unstructured and there is a need for modifying the JSON data inside the storage.
MongoDB is also used for writing the dynamic queries as it is designed for working the continuously changing data. It also provides good performance and provides the functionality of automatic sharding. PostgreSQL is getting popularity because of its structure and wide range of use. It is also available for a long time. The developers are available for this technology more in number rather than for MongoDB. MongoDB is also getting popular as it getting used with new technologies like ReactJS etc.
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Both MongoDB vs PostgreSQL benchmark are having its own advantages and disadvantages, organizations and developers are really careful to use technology in today’s world. The database can be selected based on the development of the application. In application, which language is going to be used. The database selection depends on the platform and the environment as well.
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