Definition of Java NIO Path
Java nio path contains the path of the directory or file. Path name will suggest the path of a particular location or an entity like a file or directory. In java, path is nothing but the interface that introduced nio file package of java, this was introduced in java version 7. It is useful to search the specified file or directory.
Introduction to Java NIO Path
The java nio path is a representation of a particular file location. It is an entity that contains two types i.e. relative path and absolute path. Both path name suggests that the absolute path is the address location that was relative to the other path.
To use the java nio path we need to use delimiter as its definition, for windows we need to use “\” and for Linux we need to use the “/”. The get method is used to convert the string path or a string sequence when we have joined from the path instance or string of path. This method throws an exception for an invalid path if the arguments contain illegal characters.
Key Takeaways
- To retrieve the absolute path, we need to pass the complete directory and element list that was required for the file location.
- To retrieve the relative path, we need to combine both the nio file path together. We can retrieve relative and absolute paths in a single code.
How to Create Java NIO Path Class?
The path instance of java represents file system path. The java nio path point to either file or a specified directory. In java nio path, absolute path contains the full path whereas the relative file path contains the path to the specified file or directory. The interface of the java nio file path is similar to the class of the java IO file with the interface of the path.
1. Create Path Instance
To use the file path of java.nio.file.Path we need to create an instance of the path. We can create the instance of the path to use the static method. The below example shows the creation file path as follows.
Code:
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Path p = Paths.get ("G:\\file.txt");
System.out.println ("File found");
}
}
In the above example, we use two import statements first for the path interface and another for the class. We use the Paths method to call the get method that creates the instance of the path.
2. Create Absolute Path
We can create the absolute path in the get method, we need to use the absolute file parameter. Below example shows to create an absolute path in windows OS as follows.
Code:
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Path p = Paths.get ("G:\\file.txt");
System.out.println ("Absolute path");
}
}
The “\\” contains the java string, which contains the escape (\ character) that shows that character is located in the string. In the above example, the absolute path is “G:\\file.txt”.
The above file path is for the windows system. We can define the path in the UNIX system. The below example shows the absolute path in the UNIX system.
Example:
Code:
Path p = Paths. get("https://cdn.educba.com/home/file.txt")3. Create Relative Path
The relative path defines the path that points from one path to the file or directory. The full path is derived from the relative or base path. The below example shows the relative path as follows.
Code:
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Path p = Paths.get ("G:\\path", "file.txt");
System.out.println ("Relative path");
}
}
To work with the relative path, we can use the below code inside the path string. The below code shows the current directory as follows.
Code:
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Path cd = Paths.get(".");
System.out.println (cd.toAbsolutePath ());
}
}
4. Relativize Method
This method is used to create a new path that represents the second path. Below example shows relativize method as follows.
Code:
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Path bPath = Paths.get ("G:\\path");
Path p = Paths.get ("G:\\path\\file.txt");
Path bpt = bPath.relativize (p);
Path ptp = p.relativize (bPath);
System.out.println (bpt);
System.out.println (ptp);
}
}
To add the relative path to the “G:\\path” we get the full path. It will add the relative path to the “G:\\path” then we get the relative path.
5. Normalize Method
This method is the interface of the path that is used in path normalization. Normalization is defined to remove the (.) code from the path string. The below example shows the normalized method as follows.
Code:
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
String op = "G:\\path..\\file";
Path p1 = Paths.get(op);
System.out.println("path1 = " + p1);
Path p2 = p1.normalize();
System.out.println("path2 = " + p2);
}
}
The above example first creates the path string with (..) code in a middle. Then it will create the instance of the path and then it will print the instance of the path. Then we need to call the normalize method.
Java NIO Path Methods
The java nio path contains the multiple methods as follows:
- getFileName() – This method is used to return the object of the file system.
- getName() – This method is used to return the element name of the file path or path object.
- getNameCount() – This method is used to return path name elements.
- Subpath() – This method is used to return a relative path that contains a subsequence element path.
- getParent() – This method is used to return the parent path.
- getRoot() – This method is used to return the component of the path.
- toAbsolutePath() – This method is used to return the object that represents the absolute path.
- toRealPaht – This method is used to return the real path of the specified file.
- toFile – This method is used to return the file object that represents the path.
- normalize() – This method is used to return the path that contains the redundant element.
- compareTo() – This method is used to compare two different abstract paths.
- endsWith() – This method is test the path that ends with the given path string.
The below example shows java nio path methods as follows. In the below example, we have defined getFileName and toString methods.
Code:
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Path p = Paths.get("G:\\path\\file.txt");
System.out.println (p.getFileName ());
System.out.println (p.toString ());
}
}
Examples of Java NIO Path
Given below are the examples mentioned:
Example #1
In the below example, we have defined the absolute path as follows.
Code:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Path p = Paths.get("G:\\path\\file.txt");
Path ab = p.toAbsolutePath ();
System.out.println ("Absolute path: " + ab);
}
}
Example #2
In the below example, we have defined the relative path as follows.
Code:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class nio_path {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Path p = Paths.get ("G:\\path\\", "file.txt");
System.out.println ("Relative path: " + p);
}
}
Conclusion
It is a representation of a particular file location. In java path is nothing but the interface that introduced nio file package of java, this was introduced in java version 7. The get method is used to convert the string path or a string sequence when we have joined from the path instance or string of path.
Recommended Articles
This is a guide to Java NIO Path. Here we discuss the introduction, how to create java NIO path class, methods and examples. You can also look at the following articles to learn more –
