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Home Excel Excel Resources Statistical Functions in Excel Excel T.Test Function

Excel T.Test Function

Jeevan A Y
Article byJeevan A Y
Madhuri Thakur
Reviewed byMadhuri Thakur

Updated August 23, 2023

T.Test Function in Excel

T.TEST in Excel (Table of Contents)
  • T.TEST Function in Excel
  • T.TEST Formula in Excel
  • How to Use T.TEST Function in Excel?

T.TEST in Excel

The T-Test function in Excel is used for calculating the probability of significant difference between two data sets, whether any or both are under the same population with the same mean. T-Test also includes whether the data sets we use for calculation is a one-tail distribution or two-tail distribution with a kind of variance that may be equal or unequal.

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T.TEST Formula in Excel:

The Formula for the T.TEST Function in Excel is as follows:

T.Test Formula in Excel

The Formula of T.TEST includes 4 types of arguments:

Array1: This is the first set of the sample you are testing.

Array2: This is the second set of the sample you are comparing.

Tails: This is the number of tails for the distribution. There are two types of tails are there. 1. One-tailed distribution and 2.Two-tailed distribution

Type: There are 3 types of T.Test available in statistics.

T.Test (arguments)

  1. Paired, this examines whether the mean between paired sets is equal.
  2. Two-sample equal variance examines whether the variance of means between two sets is equal.
  3. Two-sample unequal variance examines whether the variance of means between two sets is unequal.

In recent versions, T.TEST has been introduced. In earlier versions, TTEST is the formula. Still, it is available in recent versions to support compatibility.

How to Use T.TEST Function in Excel?

T.TEST Function in Excel is very simple and easy to use. Let us understand the working of T.TEST in Excel with Some Examples.

You can download this T.TEST Function Excel Template here – T.TEST Function Excel Template

Example #1

The functionality of the T.TEST in Excel can be best explained by using an example dataset to get the logic of the T.TEST.

I have Group 1 and Group 2 test scores for a classroom. I need to run T.TEST to find a significant difference between these two groups.

significant difference

Apply T.TEST to get the difference.

The first test is a type of Paired.

 type of Paired.

The result is 0.04059.

result

The second test is a type of Two Samples equal variance.

 Sample equal variance

The result is 0.2148.

result

The third test is a type of Two Sample unequal variance.

unequal variance

The result is 0.2158.

result

The returned value is generally called the P-value. If the P-value is <0.05, we can come to the conclusion that the two sets of data have a different mean. Otherwise, the two means are not significantly different from each other.

T.Test Example 1-7

Example #2

I have the salary numbers of two different departments. I want to find out if the mean of the two departments’ salaries is significantly different.

T.Test different departments

Apply the T.TEST function to see the difference.

see the difference

The above formula returns the result as:

formula returns

Run T.TEST using Analysis Tool Pack

We can run the T.TEST using the analysis tool pack under the Data ribbon tab.

 Analysis Tool Pack

If you do not find this option in your Excel, follow the below steps to unhide this.

Step 1: Go to File and Options

T.Test Click File and Options

Step 2: Click on Add-Ins

T.Test (click o n add - in)

Step 3: Select Excel Add-ins and click Go

Excel add - in

Step 4: Select Analysis ToolPak and click OK.

ToolPak and click OK

Step 5: This must have enabled the Data Analysis Option.

Data Analysis

Follow the below Steps to Run T.TEST using Data Analysis ToolPak

Step 1: Click on Data Analysis under the Data tab.

Data (Data Analysis )

Step 2: Scroll down find the t-Test.

Scroll down

Step 3: Click on the first t-test, and it will open the below dialogue box.

Click on first t-test

Step 4: Select the Variable 1 range and Variable 2 range.

Variable range

Step 5: Once all the above boxes filled, click on the OK button.

OK button

It will show a detailed report.

detailed report

This will show the mean of each data set, their variance, how many observations are considered, correlation, and P-value.

We need to see the P-value (refer to B26), i.e. 0.000186102, which is way below the expected P-value of 0.05.

Our data is significant as long as the P-value is less than 0.05.

Things to Remember

  • The T.TEST can accept only numerical values, anything other than numerical values; we get the result of #VALUE!
  • If the tails value exceeds 1 or 2, we will get #NUM! error
  • Learn the difference between the one-tailed and two-tailed tests to understand it better.
  • One assumption is that samples have been randomly drawn from large data.
  • The standard P-Value is 0.05 i.e. 5%. Your data is significant if the variance is less than 5%.

Recommended Articles

This has been a guide to T. TEST in Excel. Here we discuss the T.TEST Formula in Excel and how to use T.TEST Function in Excel, along with Excel examples and downloadable Excel templates. You may also look at these useful functions in Excel –

  1. CEILING Function in Excel
  2. Examples of COMBIN Function
  3. SUMPRODUCT Function in Excel
  4. How to Use LEN Function in Excel?
  5. Examples of PRODUCT Function in Excel
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