What Is the Full Form of CBI?
In this article, we will learn about the Full Form of CBI.
CBI stands for the Central Bureau of Investigation and it is an autonomous body that operated under the Ministry of Personnel, Government of India.
History of CBI
CBI was originally established in the year 1941 under the name of Special Police Establishment (SPE) and renamed in 1963 by Home Ministry of India. It is India’s most important Investigative agency and it is formed to investigate major Economic offenses, white-collar crimes, cases of bribery and corruption or any other important crime related to murder, terrorism which is of national or state Interested allotted on a case to case basis to Central Bureau of Investigation by the Government from time to time.
Time onwards CBI enjoys the stature of having an impeccable track record and history of transparent investigation of cases and it is evident from the fact that many cases of national interest are assigned to Central Bureau of Investigation and the Agency delivered to its name.
Divisions Board Under CBI
The role of CBI is ever-widening and currently, there are three broad divisions within which CBI operates namely:
- Anti Corruption Division
- Special Crimes Division
- Economic Offences Division
Anti Corruption Division
The three divisions cater to specific types of cases, the Anti Corruption Bureau looks after cases related to bribery and corruption by public servants. The department covered for the definition of Public Servant includes not just central and state government employees but also Public sector undertaking where the Government of India holds majority shareholding. Even Public Sector Bank employees are also covered under this for any bribery and corruption cases.
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Special Crimes Division
The other division Special Crimes takes cognizance of crimes of national importance or which are assigned to it on a request from the Supreme Court, State government. These can be high profile murders, Rape Cases which rocked the whole nation.
Economic Offences Division
Last but not the least Economic Offences Division investigates white-collar financial crimes and frauds and include crimes related to fake personification, cybercrime, etc.
Start of the Central Bureau of Investigation
Below are the explanations of the start of the Central Bureau of Investigation in Full Form of CBI:
The first Director of rechristened CBI in 1963 was Mr. D. P. Kohli who became the first Director after it was named Central Bureau of Investigation from April 1963 to May 1968 and in fact, he was among the only one (Other being Mr. J.S. Bawa who was Director of CBI from January 1980 to February 1985) to complete a five-year tenure of this prestigious Institute of national relevance.
The powers to confiscate, arrest, etc and other legal powers are conferred to CBI in the exercise of rights under the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act (DSPE), 1946.
The Headquarter of CBI is located in the Capital city of India i.e. New Delhi in CGO Complex near Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium. The Current Director of CBI is Mr. Rishi Kumar Shukla.
Structure of the Central Bureau of Investigation
The head of the Central Bureau of Investigation is Director who is an IPS officer equivalent to the rank of Commissioner of State Police or Director General of Police. The Director is appointed by a committee comprising of the Prime Minister of India, Leader of Opposition Political Party and Chief Justice of India. Together these three decide the Director of CBI. The Prime Minister of India acts as the Chairperson of the Committee. The Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation is initially appointed for a period of 2 years which can be extended as well as reappointed further.
Functions of the Central Bureau of Investigation
Below are the five points explain the functions of the Central Bureau of Investigation in Full Form of CBI:
- Investigate matters related to corruption and bribery by Public servants through misuse of power.
- Combat Cyber Crime and Economic Offences which include Frauds, Smuggling, etc.
- Investigation and preparation of Charge Sheet of Crimes of National Interest or importance such as Kidnapping, Rape, Extortion, Mass Killing, Encounters, etc.
- Act as the main agency for combating any National and Transnational Crimes
- Set Benchmark and standards for investigating matters and provide complete identity and safety to whistleblowers.
Impact of Central Bureau of Investigation
The central bureau of Investigation has many accolades to its long history. It has solved some of the most complex cases that shocked the nation. Noteworthy among them is the double murder case of Arushi Talwar and servant Hemraj Banjade in 2008, Bhanwari Devi Murder Case, Biggest fraud case of Indian History Satyam Computer Services owner B Ramalinga Raju, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi Murder Case, Purulia Arms drop case and many more. CBI has always been at the forefront of high profile cases and its dedicated and skilled officers have ensured that such complex cases get resolved and the public gets to know the real truth.
The impact of CBI is many folds which are evident from the fact that all complicated matters are usually referred to as CBI. Even in cases where Political parties are at conflict or there is a dispute between Central Government and State Government, the commonality is found in referring cases to CBI for its impartial investigation and capability to deliver the best resolution to complicated matters.
Important Point to Note About CBI
Below are the explanations of the importance of the Central Bureau of Investigation in Full Form of CBI:
Central Bureau of Investigation investigates cases authorized to by Central or State Government and even in cases suggested by the Central government related to any State prior permission/consent of State is required. However, the exception to this rule is any case that is ordered by the Supreme Court of High Court.
Conclusion – Full Form of CBI
Central Bureau of Investigation is the Premier Investigation Body which is established with the main objective of eradicating corruption, bribery, and misuse of government machinery by Public Servants for their personal benefit. Over the years the role has been enhanced by leaps and bounds going by the number of cases referred to CBI not just by the Central Government but also by the Supreme Court, High Court, and even State Governments. CBI has handled many high profile cases of national and international stature. Joining CBI is a matter of pride and service to the nation-building and young people can work hard to make a career in this esteemed institute and contribute to the goal of making our India a corruption-free country.
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