Introduction to C++
C++ is a programming language developed at bell labs by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. C++ is a combination of low-level and high-level language features. That’s why it’s an intermediate-level language. C++ is originated from the C programming language. The most important C++ is Object Oriented Programming Language that comes along with useful features that help in developing high-performance applications. C++ is used to reduce the overall development cost of the projects because of its amazing features. C++ is very easy to learn and is similar to C and Java. Due to its portability applications developed can be run on multiple platforms.
Top 11 Features of C++
Here is the list of most important features in C++ that can be used to developed high-performing applications:
1. Simple
C++ is one of the most-simple languages when it comes to programming. It is also easy to understand and learn as it originated from the C programming language. C++ follows the bottom-up approach for any kind of project development that helps in breaking down big tasks into a chunk of tasks.
2. Object-Oriented Programming
One of the most important features because of which C++ got famous. Everything is treated as objects in C++ that’s why it is called object-oriented programming. Objects are used for performing all kinds of functionalities. It has various features like Polymorphism and Inheritance which aims to bind function and data together in a single unit to make applications secured and efficient.
3. Portability
C++ is not platform independent but we can say it is portable enough to run on different machines by adding some or no changes at all. On different operating systems you can run the same code. Write code for one time and use it for every time you need that particular functionality. We can’t say that it’s completely platform-independent. So don’t confuse C++ with Java because Java is completely platform-independent. For example, you have written code in Linux but wants to run in Windows so C++ code will run on both without any hindrance! Simple and straight.
4. Mid-Level Programming Language
C++ programming language is a collection of special features of low-level languages and high-level languages. It can be used to develop applications based on the required level of programing language that is low or high.
5. Rich Library
C++ library is full of in-built functions that save a huge amount of time in the software development process. As it contains almost all kinds of functionality a programmer can need in the development process. Hence saving time and increasing development speed.
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6. Case Sensitive
As C++ is originated from C, it is also purely CASE sensitive that means lowercase and uppercase characters written in code will have completely different meaning and will be treated differently.
7. Compiler-Based
As no interpretation is done in C++ code it is considered to be a compiler-based language that makes it faster than other programming languages like Java, etc. Without compilation, you can’t execute any C++ code.
8. Dynamic Memory Allocation
Due to pointer support in the C++ language. Memory allocation can be easily done dynamically rather than static. Can free memory anytime by using the free() function.
9. Recursion
Due to code reusability features, we can call any function within a function saving memory space by not writing the same code again and again. Code reusability is there for every function.
10. Fast
As compared to other programming languages. Execution time and Compilation time of a code written in C++ language are faster than any other programming language.
11. Pointers
As we all know pointers hold the address of another variable and we can access the address of any variable using concept or pointers which increases performance. C++ also provides the use of pointers in the software development process.
Advantages of C++
Below each advantage proves stability and efficiency of C++ programming language:
C++ is an object-oriented language rather than a procedural language. There are features of C++ that make it faster and powerful than any other programming language. Machine learning with the C++ library is also one of the best advantages of using C++ as a programming language for the development process.
1. Speed
C++ is known for its faster speed than any other programming language. Running multiple codes parallel is one of the best support it provides that directly helps in faster execution. Provide the best performance even when the server is going through a high load.
2. Hardware-Based
When software is closely coupled with hardware and some low-level support is needed at the software level. C++ provides that support because it is closer to hardware as compared to any other programming language.
3. Functionality
C++ features like Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction makes it helpful for programmers in the software development process. These advantages combined gives an outstanding and efficient product. Efficiency is always more in C++.C++ supports Operator Overloading and allows user-defined operators along with function overloading.
4. Paradigm
C++ program uses multi-paradigm programming, Paradigm means the style of programming, paradigm concerned about the logic, the structure, and procedure of program, C++ program is multi-paradigm means it follows three paradigm Generic, Imperative, Object-Oriented.
Extra Advantages:
Exception Handling is there in C++. You don’t need to define an exception for some cases as they have built-in exceptions to catch and throw at your user output screen. An exception is the class name for implementing exception handling with C++ programming. Not only this you can also define your exception depending upon your project requirement. Try, catch and throw keywords are used for exception handling in C++. All kinds of exceptions are handled by exception handlers in C++ programming. Variables can be declared anywhere in the program in C++ but must be declared before they are used.
Conclusion
C++ is the most-efficient and powerful language because of its high-level functionalities. The main 4 pillars of C++ are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. These pillars individually can perform dynamic tasks and functionality in any software development process and together they are most powerful in the programming world.
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