EDUCBA

EDUCBA

MENUMENU
  • Free Tutorials
  • Free Courses
  • Certification Courses
  • 600+ Courses All in One Bundle
  • Login
Home Software Development Software Development Tutorials Software Development Basics Border Gateway Protocol
Secondary Sidebar
Software Development Basics
  • Basics
    • Microsoft Expression Web
    • IDE
    • Microsoft Flow
    • Unity Dashboard
    • Servlet Dispatcher
    • Types of Algorithms
    • Vue.js? nextTick
    • Vue.js Transition
    • Page Replacement Algorithms
    • What is CLI
    • Open Source Software
    • Solve Problems With Technology (Simple)
    • What is Application Software & Types
    • Microsoft Word Alternative
    • ADDIE Model
    • V-model advantages and disadvantages
    • Gatsby Plugins
    • Putty version
    • Xampp versions
    • Avro converter
    • Avro Data Types
    • Avro Schema Evolution
    • Avro Serialization
    • Cloudera Impala
    • Cloudera Careers
    • Entity Framework Core
    • Gulp File Include
    • Gulp Autoprefixer
    • Gulp File
    • Gulp Terser
    • System Software Tools
    • System Software Components
    • Typography App
    • Software as a Service (Saas)
    • Icon Font Pack
    • Interpret Results Using ANOVA Test
    • Blogging Insights Your Analytics
    • Increase Productivity Technology
    • Free Multimedia Software
    • Information Technology Benefits
    • What is SPSS and How Does It Work
    • Learn to Code For Beginners (Advance)
    • Uses of Coding
    • Uses Of Raspberry Pi
    • What Is System Design
    • Introduction to NLP
    • What is MapReduce
    • What is SoapUI
    • What is MVC
    • What is Multithreading
    • What is Neural Networks
    • What is Swift
    • What is PLC
    • What is Open Cart
    • What is Mainframe
    • What is JMS
    • What is Cognos
    • What is Open Source
    • What is Bot
    • What is SOAP
    • What is COBOL
    • What is GraphQL
    • What is Microcontroller
    • What is Open-Source License
    • What is Visual Studio Code
    • What is Pandas
    • What is Hypervisor
    • What is Common Gateway Interface
    • What is IDE?
    • What is MVC Design Pattern
    • What is Application Server
    • What is GPS
    • What is Botnet
    • What is Assembly Language
    • System Analysis And Design
    • HTTP Caching
    • What is Buffer Overflow
    • What is Ajax
    • What is Appium
    • What is SVN
    • What is SPSS
    • What is WCF
    • What is Groovy
    • What is Clickbait
    • What is SOA
    • What is GUI
    • What is FreeBSD
    • What is WebSocket
    • What is WordPress
    • What is OSPF
    • What is Coding
    • What is Raspberry Pi
    • HTTP Cookies
    • What is Hub?
    • What is Bridge
    • What is Switch
    • What is Internet Application
    • What is Sensors
    • What is Proximity Sensors
    • What is Full Stack
    • System Design Interview Questions
    • What is Salesforce technology
    • What is Salesforce Sales Cloud
    • What is OOP
    • What is CMD
    • What is React
    • React Redux Typescript
    • What is DSS
    • What is SVG
    • SVG File
    • Bash Sleep Command
    • What is MTU
    • What is Apex
    • What is Desktop Software
    • Tor Browser, Anonymity and Other Browsers
    • Avoid Pitfalls of Shadow IT
    • Freelance Web Graphic Designer
    • What is Storage Virtualization
    • What is Web Services?
    • What is Social Networking?
    • What is Microservices Architecture?
    • Microservices Tools
    • Advantages of Microservices
    • Uses of Internet
    • Software Platforms
    • Uses of Internet for Business
    • Architecture of Web Services
    • Web Application Testing
    • Advantages of Web Service
    • CPU Virtualization
    • Types of Web Services
    • Web Services Testing
    • What is RabbitMQ?
    • RabbitMQ Architecture
    • Advantages of Bitcoin
    • LINQ foreach
    • Penetration Testing Services
    • Puppet Alternatives
    • What is Memcached?
    • What is Browser?
    • Types of Satellites
    • Model Driven Architecture
    • Types of Variables in Statistics
    • Best Statistics Certifications
    • Integration Architecture
    • What is API Integration?
    • What is Grid Computing?
    • Asus File Manager
    • What is GPRS?
    • What is Gradle?
    • What is Basecamp?
    • Software System Architecture
    • GSM Architecture
    • What is Nagios?
    • AppDynamics Tool
    • Logical Architecture
    • What is Microsoft Planner
    • What is Circuit Switching
    • What is ARM?
    • Embedded Control Systems
    • Embedded System Programming
    • Embedded System Development
    • Embedded Systems Software
    • Embedded System Project
    • Types of Embedded Systems
    • Requirement Engineering
    • Types of Engineering
    • What is WAP
    • What is Registry?
    • What is Dynatrace?
    • What is Digital Forensics?
    • Hardware Virtualization
    • AppDynamics Careers
    • Bandwidth Monitoring Tools
    • Ping Monitor Tools
    • Dynatrace Tools
    • What is Trello?
    • What is AppDynamics?
    • What is Remote Desktop?
    • What is Extranet?
    • What is LTE Network?
    • What is Firebase?
    • Website Monitoring Tool
    • Number Systems
    • Service Desk Manager
    • Static Website
    • Dynamic Website
    • What is Email?
    • What is URL Link?
    • What is Program?
    • What is Lock Screen?
    • What is Grafana
    • Unguided Media Transmission
    • IT Governance
    • IT Governance Framework
    • Remote Support Softwares
    • What is Unification?
    • Topological Map
    • What is LAMP?
    • USB Flash Drive
    • Software Development Models
    • Digital Circuit
    • What is Webpack?
    • Fault Tolerance
    • What is DSL Modem?
    • What is Mozilla Firefox?
    • What is Vagrant?
    • Types of Research Methodology
    • Grafana Plugins
    • Ionic Components
    • Nginx Error_page
    • Nginx Include
    • Nginx Version
    • Nginx Force HTTPS
    • Nginx Environment Variables
    • Nginx Container
    • RabbitMQ Routing Key
    • CakePHP
    • Telegram Features
    • What is CDN
    • RethinkDB
    • Symfony Version
    • UWP
    • cPanel version
    • What is assembly?
    • Seed7
    • Switching Techniques
    • OCaml
    • Pseudocode?Algorithm
    • Quality Control Methods
    • What is OneNote?
    • Workstation Uses
    • Soft Computing Techniques
    • Remote Access Software
    • Remote Desktop Tools
    • OneNote Shortcuts
    • Software Review
    • What is Qubit?
    • Static Analysis Tools
    • Register in Microprocessor
    • What is VDI?
    • What is Svelte?
    • RabbitMQ Version
    • Groovy Version
    • Code Walkthrough
    • What is Telegram?
    • Gradle Version
    • What is Recycle Bin?
    • What is Cordova?
    • Swagger version
    • Doxygen
    • Phalcon
    • Metasploit Framework
    • Microsoft Word Shortcut Keys
    • Wordpad shortcut keys
    • Burp Suite
    • Google Docs Shortcuts
    • Install VPN
    • Frontend Challenges
    • CodeIgniter Version
    • VMware Tools
    • CDMA Advantages
    • CDMA Uses
    • Servlet Session Management
    • ServletConfig
    • Servlet Class
    • Log4j Version
    • Remote Desktop Softwares
    • Soapui Load Test
    • Scikit Learn Version
    • VMware Benefits
    • Google Slides Shortcuts
    • What is XAMPP?
    • What is PyGTK?
    • VMware Fusion
    • What is cPanel?
    • Ubuntu Version
    • Server Types
    • App Analytics Tools
    • DNS Types
    • Evernote Features
    • Restful architecture
    • GNOME Keyboard Shortcuts
    • AngelScript
    • NativeScript Layouts
    • PowerPoint Version
    • setInterval Function
    • Shopify Apps
    • TypeScript foreach loop
    • Socio Technical System
    • PowerPoint Shortcut Keys
    • Civil Engineering Tools
    • OpenLayers vs Leaflet
    • Circuit Switching Advantages and Disadvantages
    • LotusScript
    • Multiplexer
    • Multiple Access Protocol
    • Types of Broadband
    • What is Standardization
    • Methods of Development
    • Software Requirement Specification
    • CentOS restart network
    • Bouncy numbers
    • Burp suite proxy
    • Redshift window functions
    • Mesh Topology Advantages and Disadvantages
    • What is Zabbix?
    • Test Techniques
    • Test Development
    • What is PyCharm
    • What is REST
    • JDBC version
    • System software features
    • Ableton versions
    • Unreal engine version
    • RAD advantage disadvantage
    • Incremental Model Advantage and Disadvantage
    • Disadvantages of Internet
    • What is VoIP
    • WAP Architecture
    • CentOS unzip
    • Cubase Shortcuts
    • Cubase Versions
    • Libreoffice shortcut keys
    • Archiving Software
    • Layered Architecture
    • Coverage Types
    • What is Kivy?
    • Types of Methodology
    • Swift JSON
    • JSON Serialize
    • TypeScript?boolean
    • TypeScript keyof object
    • TypeScript RegEx
    • TypeScript?date
    • TypeScript object
    • CentOS Version
    • XSLT if else
    • Binary Search JavaScript
    • Binary search with recursion
    • PLSQL Replace
    • Evernote Notes
    • Rust vs Python
    • Test Scenario
    • Deadlock in Operating System
    • MVVM Architecture
    • MVVM Flutter
    • What is Keyboard
    • WordPress Hosting
    • Software requirement
    • CentOS Add User to Group
    • Backup Types
    • Firewall Rules
    • Microprocessor Features
    • Maven Versions
    • OneNote features
    • Binary search tree insertion
    • Quick sort algorithm
    • B+ tree insertion
    • What is Automation?
    • What is Digital Electronics?
    • Wireless Transmission Media
    • Border Gateway Protocol
    • Email Encryption Software
    • Endpoint Encryption
    • Outlook Alternative
    • What is Abacus
    • Encapsulation Benefits
    • FL Studio Keyboard Shortcuts
    • NordVPN Features
    • Statsmodels API
    • Statsmodels Linear Regression
    • Buzz number
    • Krishnamurthy Number
    • What is Compact Disc?
    • Bucket Sort Algorithm
    • Insertion Sort Algorithm
    • Redis Version
    • Chatbot Benefits
    • Full Stack Technologies
    • Civil Engineering Types
    • Tomcat Web Server
    • Tomcat Native
    • Tkinter Scrolledtext
    • Anaconda Navigator
    • UML Class Diagram
    • System Monitoring Tool
    • Drupal Features
    • Drupal Free Themes
    • Drupal Modules
    • Drupal 9
    • Drupal Developer
    • Drupal Webform
    • Drupal 8
    • Drupal 8 Themes
    • Drupal Views
    • System Software Functions
    • What is Linker?
    • What is K Map?
    • Website Testing Tool
    • TypeScript map
    • TypeScript enum
    • TypeScript class
    • Hill Climbing Algorithm
    • Hashmap and Hashtable
    • Nexus Plugin
    • Entity Framework Delete by ID
    • What is NumPy?
    • What is NLP?
    • Vishing Attack
    • Test Plan in Software Testing
    • Guest Mode
    • What is Mockito?
    • Advantage of the Internet
    • SVG Creator
    • Rails Logger
    • Intellij Plugins
    • Intellij Shortcuts
    • IntelliJ Maven
    • IntelliJ JavaFX
    • IntelliJ Lombok Plugin
    • IntelliJ Format Code
    • IntelliJ gitignore
    • IntelliJ Find and Replace
    • RESTEasy

Related Courses

Software Testing Training

Selenium Training Certification

Appium Training

JMeter Certification Training

Border Gateway Protocol

Border Gateway Protocol

Introduction to Border Gateway Protocol

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an interdomain routing protocol using path vector routing. It is first appeared in 1989 and has gone through four versions. It is a standardized Exterior Gateway Protocol used to exchange the routing and reachability information between AS(Autonomous System) on the internet. It is classified as a vector protocol. It is also classified as a distance vector routing protocol. Border Gateway Protocol uses classless interdomain routing addresses. i.e. to define destination address, BGPuses prefix, address, and the number of bits (prefix length) are used to update the messages.

Types of Autonomous Systems in BGP

The Internet is divided into hierarchical domains called an autonomous system. The autonomous system is divided into three categories namely stub AS multihomed AS and transit AS.

  • Stub AS: Stub AS has only one connection to another AS, inter domain data traffic can be either created or terminated in the AS only. The Host in AS can send data traffic to other ASs. The host in AS can receive data traffic from hosts in other ASs. Stub As can be either source or sink.
  • Multihomed AS: It has more than one connection to other ASs, but it can either be a source or sink for data traffic. It can send the data traffic to more than one ASs, it can receive the data traffic from more than one ASs. It does not allow transient traffic i.e. It does not allow data coming from one AS and going to another AS.
  • Transit AS: It is a multihomed AS that also allows transient traffic.

Border Gateway Protocol Session

In border gateway protocol, the exchange of information between two routers takes place through the session. A session is a connection that is established between two BGP routers for exchanging the routing information. Border gateway protocol has two types of sessions, one is external BGP session and the internal BGP session.

External border gateway protocol session. External BGP session is used to exchange the information between two user nodes belonging to two different autonomous system. Internal border gateway protocol session: Internal BGP session is used to exchange information between two user nodes inside the autonomous system.

Start Your Free Software Development Course

Web development, programming languages, Software testing & others

All in One Software Development Bundle(600+ Courses, 50+ projects)
Python TutorialC SharpJavaJavaScript
C Plus PlusSoftware TestingSQLKali Linux
Price
View Courses
600+ Online Courses | 50+ projects | 3000+ Hours | Verifiable Certificates | Lifetime Access
4.6 (86,629 ratings)

1. Border Gateway Protocol Header Packet

All BGP packets share the same common header. Fields in the header are as follows.

  • Marker: It is an 16 byte field reserved for authentication.
  • Length: It is a 2 byte field, defines the length of the total message including the header.
  • Type: It is a 1 byte field that defines the type of packet.

2. Border Gateway Protocol Messages

There are four types of Border Gateway protocol messages which are open message, update message, keepalive message, and notification message.

Open Message

To create a neighborhood relationship, a router running BGP opens a TCP connection with a neighbor and sends an open message. If the neighbor accept the neighborhood relationship, it responds with a keepalive message, which means that the connection has been established between these two routers. The open message has the following fields

  • Common Header: The header is the same as we have discussed earlier. In this case, the type value is 1.
  • Version: It is a 1 byte field that defines the BGP version.
  • My Autonomous System: It is a 2 byte field which defines a number of an autonomous system.
  • Hold Time: It is a 2 byte field that defines the maximum number of the second fact can elapse until one of the parties receive keepalive or update message from other. Party is considered as a dead if the router does not receive one of these messages during hold time.
  • BGP Identifier: It is a 4 byte field which defines the router who sends the open message.
  • Option Length: Open message may contain some option parameters. The value will be set to 1 if there are any options, otherwise, it will be set to 0.
  • Option Parameters: Option parameters have two subfields, one is the length of the parameter, and other is the parameter value.
Update Message

The update message is called as the heart of Border Gateway protocol. It is used by router to withdraw destinations that have been advertised previously, announce a route to new destination, or both. Border Gateway protocol can withdraw several destinations that were advertised previously, but it can only advertise one new destination in a single update message. update message has following fields

  • Common Header: The header is same as we have discussed earlier. In this case the type value is 2.
  • Unfeasible Routes Length: It is a 2 byte field that defines the length of the next field.
  • Withdrawn Length: It lists out all the routes that must be deleted from previously advertised list.
  • Path Attributes Length: It is a 2 byte field that defines the length of the next field.
  • Path Attributes: It defines attributes of a path to the network whose reachability is being announced.
  • Network Layer Reachability Information: It defines the network that is actually advertised by this message.
Keepalive Message

Routers running border gateway protocol must exchange the keepalive message regularly to tell each other that they are alive. It consists of inky one filed i.e. common header. The header is the same as we have discussed earlier. In this case, the type value is 3.

Notification Message

A router sends a notification message whenever the error is detected or router wants to close the connection. The notification message has the following fields

  • Common Header: The header is the same as we have discussed earlier. In this case, the type value is 4.
  • Error Code: It is a1 byte field which defines the error category.
  • Error Subcode: It is a 1 byte field that defines a type of error in each category.
  • Error Data: It is us d to give more diagnostic information about the error.

Recommended Articles

This is a guide to Border Gateway Protocol. Here we also discuss the introduction and types of autonomous systems in BGP along with border gateway protocol session. You may also have a look at the following articles to learn more –

  1. Routing Protocols Types
  2. Routing Protocol
  3. What is Common Gateway Interface?
  4. What is Gateway?
Popular Course in this category
Software Testing Training (11 Courses, 2 Projects)
  11 Online Courses |  2 Hands-on Projects |  65+ Hours |  Verifiable Certificate of Completion
4.5
Price

View Course

Related Courses

Selenium Automation Testing Training (11 Courses, 4+ Projects, 4 Quizzes)4.9
Appium Training (2 Courses)4.8
JMeter Testing Training (3 Courses)4.7
0 Shares
Share
Tweet
Share
Primary Sidebar
Footer
About Us
  • Blog
  • Who is EDUCBA?
  • Sign Up
  • Live Classes
  • Corporate Training
  • Certificate from Top Institutions
  • Contact Us
  • Verifiable Certificate
  • Reviews
  • Terms and Conditions
  • Privacy Policy
  •  
Apps
  • iPhone & iPad
  • Android
Resources
  • Free Courses
  • Java Tutorials
  • Python Tutorials
  • All Tutorials
Certification Courses
  • All Courses
  • Software Development Course - All in One Bundle
  • Become a Python Developer
  • Java Course
  • Become a Selenium Automation Tester
  • Become an IoT Developer
  • ASP.NET Course
  • VB.NET Course
  • PHP Course

ISO 10004:2018 & ISO 9001:2015 Certified

© 2022 - EDUCBA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE CERTIFICATION NAMES ARE THE TRADEMARKS OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS.

EDUCBA
Free Software Development Course

C# Programming, Conditional Constructs, Loops, Arrays, OOPS Concept

*Please provide your correct email id. Login details for this Free course will be emailed to you

By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

EDUCBA Login

Forgot Password?

By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

EDUCBA
Free Software Development Course

Web development, programming languages, Software testing & others

*Please provide your correct email id. Login details for this Free course will be emailed to you

By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

EDUCBA

*Please provide your correct email id. Login details for this Free course will be emailed to you

By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

Let’s Get Started

By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.

This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary to its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. By closing this banner, scrolling this page, clicking a link or continuing to browse otherwise, you agree to our Privacy Policy

Loading . . .
Quiz
Question:

Answer:

Quiz Result
Total QuestionsCorrect AnswersWrong AnswersPercentage

Explore 1000+ varieties of Mock tests View more